<!-- Title information -->
-<title>The DXSpider Installation and Administration Manual
-<author>Ian Maude, G0VGS, (ianmaude@btinternet.com)
-<date>Version 1.33 (Revision 1.21) February 2001
+<title>The DXSpider Administration Manual v1.47</title>
+<author>Ian Maude, G0VGS, (ianmaude@btinternet.com)</author>
+<date>Version 1.47 April 2001 revision 1.0</date>
+
<abstract>
A reference for SysOps of the DXSpider DXCluster program.
</abstract>
<!-- Begin the document -->
-<sect>Installation (Original version by Iain Phillips, G0RDI)
-
-<sect1>Introduction
-
-<P>
-This section describes the installation of DX Spider v1.46 on a
-<htmlurl url="http://www.redhat.com" name="RedHat"> Linux Distribution.
-Wherever possible I will try to include differences for other distributions.
-I do not intend to try and cover the installation of Linux or the setup
-of the AX25 utilities. If you need help on this then read Iains original
-installation guide that comes with the Spider distribution.
-
-<P>
-I am assuming a general knowledge of Linux and its commands. You should
-know how to use <em>tar</em> and how to edit files using your favourite editor.
-
-<P>
-The crucial ingredient for all of this is
-<htmlurl url="http://www.perl.org" name="Perl">. Earlier versions of
-Spider required perl 5.004, however it is now <it>STRONGLY</it> recommended
-that you use at least version 5.005_03 as this is the version being used
-in the development of Spider.
-
-<P>In addition to the standard Red Hat distribution you will require the
-following <htmlurl url="http://www.cpan.org/CPAN.html" name="CPAN"> modules: -
-
-<P>
-<itemize>
-
-<item> MD5-1.7.tar.gz
-<item> Data-Dumper-2.10.tar.gz
-<item> TimeDate-1.08.tar.gz
-<item> IO-1.20.tar.gz
-<item> Net-Telnet-3.02.tar.gz
-<item> Curses-1.05.tar.gz
-<item> Time-HiRes-01.20.tar.gz
-
-</itemize>
-
-<P>
-
-<em>Do</em> get the latest versions of these packages and install them
-but use the above list as the earliest versions usable.
-
-<sect1>Preparation
-
-<P>
-I will assume that you have already downloaded the latest tarball of
-the DXSpider software and are ready to install it. I am assuming version
-1.46 for this section but of course you would use the latest version.
-
-<P>
-Login as root and create a user to run the cluster under. <bf><it>UNDER
-NO CIRCUMSTANCES USE ROOT AS THIS USER!</it></bf>. I am going to use
-the name <em>sysop</em>. You can call it anything you wish. Depending
-on your security requirements you may wish to use an existing user,
-however this is your own choice.
-
-<P>
-<tscreen><verb>
-# adduser -m sysop
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-Now set a password for the user ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-# passwd sysop
-# New UNIX password:
-# Retype new UNIX password:
-passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<sect1>Installing the software
-
-<P>
-Now to unpack the DX Spider distribution, set symbolic links and group
-permissions. Copy the tarball to /home/sysop and do the following.
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-# cd ~sysop
-# tar xvfz spider-1.46.tar.gz
-# ln -s ~sysop/spider /spider
-# groupadd -g 251 spider (or another number)
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-If you do not have the command <em>groupadd</em> available to you simply
-add a line in /etc/group by hand.
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-# vi /etc/group (or your favorite editor)
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-You also need to add some others to the group, including your own callsign
-(this will be used as an alias) and root. The finished line in /etc/group
-should look something like this
-
-<tt>
-spider:x:251:sysop,g0vgs,root
-</tt>
-
-<P>
-The next step is to set the permissions on the Spider directory tree and files ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-# chown -R sysop.spider spider
-# find . -type d -exec chmod 2775 {} \;
-# find . -type f -exec chmod 775 {} \;
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-This last step allows various users of the group <em>spider</em> to have
-write access to all the directories. This is not really needed just yet
-but will be useful when web interfaces start to appear.
-
-<P>
-Finally, you need to fix the permissions on the ax25_call and netrom_call
-programs. Check where they are with the <em>locate</em> command and alter
-the permissions with the <em>chmod</em> command like this ..
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-# chown root ax25_call netrom_call
-# chmod 4775 ax25_call netrom_call
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<sect1>Setting callsigns etc
-
-<P>
-Now login to your machine as the user you created earlier. In my case that
-user is called <em>sysop</em>. Once logged in, issue the following commands ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-$ cd /spider
-$ mkdir local
-$ mkdir local_cmd
-$ cp perl/DXVars.pm.issue local/DXVars.pm
-$ cd local
-$ vi DXVars.pm (or your favourite editor)
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-Using the distributed DXVars.pm as a a template, set your cluster callsign,
-sysop callsign and other user info to suit your own environment. Note that
-this a perl file which will be parsed and executed as part of the cluster. If
-you get it wrong then perl will complain when you start the cluster process.
-It is important only to alter the text of any section. Some of the lines look
-a little odd. Take this line for example ....
-
-<tt>
-$myemail = "ianmaude\@btinternet.com";
-</tt>
-
-<P>
-There appears to be an extra slash in there. However this has to be there
-for the file to work so leave it in.
-
-<P><bf>PLEASE USE CAPITAL LETTERS FOR CALLSIGNS</bf>
-
-<P>
-DON'T alter the DXVars.pm (or any other file) in /spider/perl, they are
-overwritten with every release. Any files or commands you place in /spider/local
-or /spider/local_cmd will automagically be used in preference to the ones in
-/spider/perl EVEN while the cluster is running!
-
-<P>
-Save the new file and change directory to ../perl ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-$ cd ../perl
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-Now type the following command which creates the basic user file with you as
-the sysop.
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-$ create_sysop.pl
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<sect1>Starting up for the first time
-
-<P>
-We can now bring spider up for the first time and see if all is well or not!
-It should look something like this ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-$ cluster.pl
-DXSpider DX Cluster Version 1.46
-Copyright (c) 1998 Dirk Koopman G1TLH
-loading prefixes ...
-loading band data ...
-loading user file system ...
-starting listener ...
-reading existing message headers
-reading cron jobs
-orft we jolly well go ...
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-If all is well then login on another term or console as <em>sysop</em> and
-cd to /spider/perl. Now issue the following command ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-$ client.pl
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-This should log you into the cluster as the sysop under the alias callsign we
-set earlier. In this case the callsign is G0VGS. The cluster callsign is set
-in the DXVars.pm file in /spider/local. In this case we will assume that this
-was set as GB7MBC. You should therefore see this when you login ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-G0VGS de GB7MBC 19-Nov-1999 2150Z >
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-If you do, congratulations! If not, look over the instructions again, you
-have probably missed something out. You can shut spider down again with the
-command ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-shutdown
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-and both the cluster and the client should return to Linux prompts.
-
-<sect>The Client program
-
-<P>
-In earlier versions of Spider, all the processes were Perl scripts. This
-was fine but with a lot of users your computer memory would soon be used up.
-To combat this a new client was written in "C". This client only works for
-<em>incoming</em> connects at the moment. Before you can use it though it
-has to be "made". CD to /spider/src and type <em>make</em>. You
-should see the output on your screen and hopefully now have a small C program
-called <em>client</em>. Leave it in this directory.
-
-<sect>Configuration
-
-<sect1>Allowing ax25 connects from users
-
-<P>
-As stated previously, the aim of this document is not to tell you how to
-configure Linux or the ax25 utilities. However, you do need to add a line
-in your ax25d.conf to allow connections to DXSpider for your users. For
-each interface that you wish to allow connections on, use the following format ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-default * * * * * * - sysop /spider/src/client client %u ax25
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-or, if you wish your users to be able to use SSID's on their callsigns ..
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-default * * * * * * - sysop /spider/src/client client %s ax25
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<sect1>Allowing telnet connects from users
-
-<P>
-Allowing telnet connections is quite simple. Firstly you need to add a line
-in /etc/services to allow connections to a port number, like this ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-spdlogin 8000/tcp # spider anonymous login port
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-Then add a line in /etc/inetd.conf like this ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-spdlogin stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /spider/src/client login telnet
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-This needs to be added above the standard services such as ftp, telnet etc.
-Once this is done, you need to restart inetd like this ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-killall -HUP inetd
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-
-<P>Now login as <em>sysop</em> and cd spider/perl. You can test that spider
-is accepting telnet logins by issuing the following command ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-client.pl login telnet
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-You should get a login prompt and on issuing a callsign, you will be given
-access to the cluster. Note, you will not get a password login. There seems
-no good reason for a password prompt to be given so it is not asked for.
-
-<P>
-Assuming all is well, then try a telnet from your linux console ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-telnet localhost 8000
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-You should now get the login prompt and be able to login as before.
-
-<sect1>Setting up node connects
-
-<P>
-In order to allow cluster node connections, spider needs to know that the
-connecting callsign is a cluster node. This is the case whether the connect
-is incoming or outgoing. In spider this is a simple task and can be done in
-runtime.
-
-<P>
-Later versions of Spider can distinguish different software and treat them
-differently. For example, the WCY beacon cannot be handles by AK1A type
-nodes as AK1A does not know what to do with PC73. There are 4 different
-types of node at present and although they may not have any major
-differences at the moment, it allows for compatibility. The 4 types are ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-set/node (AK1A type)
-set/spider
-set/dxnet
-set/clx
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-For now, we will assume that the cluster we are going to connect to is an
-AK1A type node.
-
-<P>
-Start up the cluster as you did before and login as the sysop with client.pl.
-The cluster node I am wanting to make a connection to is GB7BAA but you would
-obviously use whatever callsign you required. At the prompt type ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-set/node gb7baa
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-The case does not matter as long as you have a version of DXSpider later than
-1.33. Earlier versions required the callsign to be in upper case.
-
-<P>
-That is now set, it is as simple as that. To prove it, login on yet another
-console as sysop and issue the command ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-client.pl gb7baa (using the callsign you set as a node)
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-You should get an initialisation string from DXSpider like this ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-client.pl gb7baa
-PC38^GB7MBC^~
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-If the callsign you just set up as a cluster node is for an incoming connect,
-this is all that needs to be done. If the connection is to be outgoing then
-a connection script needs to be written.
-
-<sect1>Connection scripts
-
-<P>
-Because DXSpider operates under Linux, connections can be made using just about
-any protocol; AX25, NETRom, tcp/ip, ROSE etc are all possible examples.
-Connect scripts live in the /spider/connect directory and are simple ascii files.
-Writing a script for connections is therefore relatively simple.
-
-<P>
-The connect scripts consist of lines which start with the following keywords
-or symbols:-
-
-<verb>
-
-# All lines starting with a # are ignored, as are completely
- blank lines.
-
-timeout timeout followed by a number is the number of seconds to wait for a
- command to complete. If there is no timeout specified in the script
- then the default is 60 seconds.
-
-abort abort is a regular expression containing one or more strings to look
- for to abort a connection. This is a perl regular expression and is
- executed ignoring case.
-
-connect connect followed by ax25 or telnet and some type dependent
- information. In the case of a telnet connection, there can be up to
- two parameters.
- The first is the ip address or hostname of the computer you wish to
- connect to and the second is the port number you want to use (this
- can be left out if it is a normal telnet session).
- In the case of an ax25 session then this would normally be a call to
- ax25_call or netrom_call as in the example above. It is your
- responsibility to get your node and other ax25 parameters to work
- before going down this route!
-
-' ' is the delimiting character for a word or phrase of an expect/send
- line in a chat type script. The words/phrases normally come in pairs,
- either can be empty. Each line reads input from the connection until
- it sees the string (or perl regular expression) contained in the
- left hand string. If the left hand string is empty then it doesn't
- read or wait for anything. The comparison is done ignoring case.
- When the left hand string has found what it is looking for (if it is)
- then the right hand string is sent to the connection.
- This process is repeated for every line of chat script.
-
-client client starts the connection, put the arguments you would want here
- if you were starting the client program manually. You only need this
- if the script has a different name to the callsign you are trying to
- connect to (i.e. you have a script called other which actually
- connects to GB7DJK-1 [instead of a script called gb7djk-1]).
-</verb>
-
-
-There are many possible ways to configure the script but here are two examples,
-one for a NETRom/AX25 connect and one for tcp/ip.
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-timeout 60
-abort (Busy|Sorry|Fail)
-# don't forget to chmod 4775 netrom_call!
-connect ax25 /usr/sbin/netrom_call bbs gb7djk g1tlh
-'Connect' ''
-'Connect' 'c np7'
-'Connect' 'c gb7dxm'
-# you can leave this out if you call the script 'gb7dxm'
-client gb7dxm ax25
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-timeout 15
-connect telnet dirkl.tobit.co.uk
-'login' 'gb7djk'
-'word' 'gb7djk'
-# tell GB7DJK-1 that it is connected to GB7DJK
-# you can leave this out if you call this script 'gb7djk'
-client gb7djk telnet
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-Both these examples assume that everything is set up properly at the other end.
-You will find other examples in the /spider/examples directory.
-
-<sect1>Starting the connection
-
-<P>
-You start the connection, from within a sysop enabled cluster login, by typing
-in the word <em>connect</em> followed by a script name like this ....
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-G0VGS de GB7MBC 13-Dec-1998 2041Z >connect gb7djk-1
-connection to GB7DJK-1 started
-G0VGS de GB7MBC 13-Dec-1998 2043Z >
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-This will start a connection using the script called <em>gb7djk-1</em>. You can
-follow the connection by watching the term or console from where you started
-<em>cluster.pl</em>. You should see something like this ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-<- D G1TLH connect gb7djk-1
--> D G1TLH connection to GB7DJK-1 started
--> D G1TLH G1TLH de GB7DJK 13-Dec-1998 2046Z >
-timeout set to 15
-CONNECT sort: telnet command: dirkl.tobit.co.uk
-CHAT "login" -> "gb7djk"
-received "
-Red Hat Linux release 5.1 (Manhattan)
-Kernel 2.0.35 on an i586
-"
-received "login: "
-sent "gb7djk"
-CHAT "word" -> "gb7djk"
-received "gb7djk"
-received "Password: "
-sent "gb7djk"
-Connected to GB7DJK-1, starting normal protocol
-<- O GB7DJK-1 telnet
--> B GB7DJK-1 0
-GB7DJK-1 channel func state 0 -> init
-<- D GB7DJK-1
-<- D GB7DJK-1 Last login: Sun Dec 13 17:59:56 from dirk1
-<- D GB7DJK-1 PC38^GB7DJK-1^~
-<- D GB7DJK-1 PC18^ 1 nodes, 0 local / 1 total users Max users 0 Uptime
-0 00:00^5447^~
- etc
-
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-With later versions of Spider there is a set/login command for users. This
-tells them when a user or node logs in or out. If you do not add a line to
-your scripts after the final line (or before the client line which should always
-be last if needed) then the login/logout information will be sent to users
-<it>before</it> the login actually completes. This means if a node is
-unreachable, it will continue sending logins and logouts to users even though it
-is not actually connecting. To avoid this use the following line ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-'connect' ''
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-In a script, this might look like ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-timeout 35
-abort (Busy|Sorry|Fail)
-connect telnet mary 3000
-'ogin:' 'gb7mbc'
-'>' 'telnet 44.131.93.96 7305'
-'connect' ''
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<sect1>Telnet echo
-
-<P>
-Cluster links in particular suffer greatly from the presence of telnet echo.
-This is caused by the telnet negotiation itself and can create at worst severe
-loops. At best it creates unnecessary bandwidth and large logfiles! There are
-things that can be done to limit this problem but will not always work dependent
-on the route taken to connect.
-
-<P>
-Telnet echo itself should only be a problem if the connection is being made to
-the telnet port (23). This port uses special rules that include echo negotiation.
-If the connection is to a different port, such as 8000, this negotiation does
-not happen and therefore no echo should be present.
-
-<P>
-Sometimes it is not possible to make a direct connection to another node and this
-can cause problems. There is a way of trying to suppress the telnet echo but
-this will not always work, unfortunately it is difficult to be more specific.
-Here is an example of what I mean ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-timeout 35
-abort (Busy|Sorry|Fail)
-connect telnet mary.lancs.ac.uk
-'ogin:' 'gb7mbc'
-'word:' 'mypasswd'
-'\$' 'stty -echo raw'
-'\$' 'telnet 44.131.93.96'
-'connect' ''
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-So, the first connection is made by Spider. This is fine as Spider uses the
-Net_Telnet script from within perl. This actually uses TCP rather than TELNET
-so no negotiation will be done on the first connection. Once connected to
-mary.lancs.ac.uk, the command is sent to suppress echo. Now a telnet is made
-to a cluster node that is accepting connections on port 23. The problem with
-this link is that the negotiation is made by the remote machine, therefore you
-have no control over it. The chances are that this link will create echo and
-there will be no way you can stop it.
-
-
-<sect>Automating things
-
-<P>
-Ok, you should now have DXSpider running nicely and allowing connects by cluster
-nodes or users. However, it has to be shutdown and restarted manually and if
-connection scripts fail they have to be started again manually too, not much use
-if you are not at the console! So, in this section we will automate both.
-Firstly starting the cluster.
-
-<sect1>Autostarting the cluster
-
-<P>
-This is not only a way to start the cluster automatically, it also works as a
-watchdog, checking the sanity of DXSpider and respawning it should it crash for
-any reason. Before doing the following, shutdown the cluster as you did earlier.
-
-<P>
-Login as root and bring up the /etc/inittab file in your favourite editor. Add
-the following lines to the file near the end ...
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-##Start DXSpider on bootup and respawn it should it crash
-DX:3:respawn:/bin/su -c "/usr/bin/perl -w /spider/perl/cluster.pl" sysop >/dev/tty7
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-This line works fine for RedHat and SuSE distributions. The line required for
-Slackware distributions is slightly different. My thanks to Aurelio, PA3EZL for
-this information.
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-DX:23:respawn:/bin/su - sysop -c "/usr/bin/perl -w /spider/perl/cluster.pl" >/dev/tty7
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-This will automatically start DXSpider on tty7 (ALT-F7) on bootup and restart
-it should it crash for any reason.
-
-<P>
-As root type the command <em>telinit q</em>. DXSpider should start up
-immediately. You will see the output on tty7 and if you login as <em>sysop</em>
-you should find everything running nicely.
-
-<P>
-So far so good, now to automate script connections...
-
-<sect1>The crontab file
-
-<P>
-Login as <em>sysop</em> and create a file in /spider/local_cmd called crontab.
-Edit it with your favourite editor and add a line like this (I have included
-a comment)
-
-<tscreen><verb>
-# check every 10 minutes to see if gb7xxx is connected and if not
-# start a connect job going
-
-0,10,20,30,40,50 * * * * start_connect('gb7xxx') if !connected('gb7xxx')
-</verb></tscreen>
-
-<P>
-The callsign involved will be the callsign of the cluster node you are
-going to connect to. This will now check every 10 minutes to see if
-gb7xxx is connected, if it is then nothing will be done. If it is not,
-then a connect attempt will be started.
-
-<P>
-There are probably lots of other things you could use this crontab file for.
-If you want to know more about it, look at the
-<htmlurl url="http://www.dxcluster.org/cron.html" name="DXSpider"> website
-at the cron page where it is explained more fully.
-
<sect>Hop control
<P>
nested under directories. One use for this would be to store DX bulletins
such as the OPDX bulletins. These can be listed and read by the user.
To keep things tidy, make a directory under /spider/packclus called
-<em>bulletins</em>. Now copy any OPDX or similar bulletins into it. These
+<em>bulletin</em>. Now copy any OPDX or similar bulletins into it. These
can be listed by the user in the same way as above using the <em>show/files</em>
-command with an extension for the bulletins directory you have just created,
+command with an extension for the bulletin directory you have just created,
like this ....
<tscreen><verb>
-show/files bulletins
+show/files bulletin
</verb></tscreen>
<P>
<tscreen><verb>
sh/files
-bulletins DIR 20-Dec-1999 1715Z news 1602 14-Dec-1999 1330Z
+bulletin DIR 20-Dec-1999 1715Z news 1602 14-Dec-1999 1330Z
</verb></tscreen>
You can see that in the files area (basically the packclus directory) there is a
-file called <em>news</em> and a directory called <em>bulletins</em>. You can
+file called <em>news</em> and a directory called <em>bulletin</em>. You can
also see that dates they were created. In the case of the file <em>news</em>,
you can also see the time it was last modified, a good clue as to whether the
file has been updated since you last read it. To read the file called
type news
</verb></tscreen>
-To look what is in the bulletins directory you issue the command ....
+To look what is in the bulletin directory you issue the command ....
<tscreen><verb>
-show/files bulletins
+show/files bulletin
opdx390 21381 29-Nov-1999 1621Z opdx390.1 1670 29-Nov-1999 1621Z
opdx390.2 2193 29-Nov-1999 1621Z opdx391 25045 29-Nov-1999 1621Z
opdx392 35969 29-Nov-1999 1621Z opdx393 15023 29-Nov-1999 1621Z
You can now read any file in this directory using the type command, like this ....
<tscreen><verb>
-type bulletins/opdx391
+type bulletin/opdx391
Ohio/Penn DX Bulletin No. 391
The Ohio/Penn Dx PacketCluster
DX Bulletin No. 391
<P>
In later versions of Spider a simple console program is provided for the sysop.
This has a type ahead buffer with line editing facilities and colour for spots,
-announces etc. To use this program, simply use console.pl instead of client.pl.
+announces etc. To use this program, simply use console.pl instead of client.
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To edit the colours, copy /spider/perl/Console.pl to /spider/local and edit the
Display all the bad spotter's callsigns in the system, see SET/BADSPOTTER
for more information.
+<sect1>show/configuration (0)
+
+<P>
+<tt>
+<bf>show/configuration [<node>]</bf> Show all visible nodes and their users
+</tt>
+
+<P>
+This command allows you to see all the users that can be seen
+and the nodes to which they are connected. With the optional <em>node</em>,
+you can specify a particular node to look at.
+
+This command is normally abbreviated to: sh/c
+
+BE WARNED: the list that is returned can be VERY long
+
+<sect1>show/configuration/node (0)
+
+<P>
+<tt>
+<bf>show/configuration/node</bf> Show all the nodes connected
+</tt>
+
+<P>
+Show all the nodes connected locally and the nodes they have connected.
+
+<sect1>show/connect (1)
+
+<P>
+<tt>
+<bf>show/connect</bf> Show all the active connections
+</tt>
+
+<P>
+This command shows information on all the active connections known to
+the node. This command gives slightly more information than WHO.
+
<sect1>show/date (0)
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projects / spider.git / blobdiff